{"id":181,"date":"2024-06-06T12:56:06","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T10:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/?page_id=181"},"modified":"2024-06-06T12:56:06","modified_gmt":"2024-06-06T10:56:06","slug":"2-4-mestres","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/2-4-mestres\/","title":{"rendered":"MESTRES"},"content":{"rendered":"<nav class=\"is-responsive wp-block-navigation is-layout-flex wp-block-navigation-is-layout-flex\" aria-label=\"Navegaci\u00f3n 8\" \n\t\t data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-context='{\"overlayOpenedBy\":{\"click\":false,\"hover\":false,\"focus\":false},\"type\":\"overlay\",\"roleAttribute\":\"\",\"ariaLabel\":\"Men\\u00fa\"}'><button aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Abrir el men\u00fa\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open\" 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\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-modal=\"state.ariaModal\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.ariaLabel\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--role=\"state.roleAttribute\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button aria-label=\"Cerrar el men\u00fa\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close\" \n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on-async--click=\"actions.closeMenuOnClick\"\n\t\t\t><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m13.06 12 6.47-6.47-1.06-1.06L12 10.94 5.53 4.47 4.47 5.53 10.94 12l-6.47 6.47 1.06 1.06L12 13.06l6.47 6.47 1.06-1.06L13.06 12Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content\" \n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-watch=\"callbacks.focusFirstElement\"\n\t\t\t id=\"modal-1-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div style=\"height:100px;width:36px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-1b8dd66d\"><\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-navigation__container is-responsive wp-block-navigation\"><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/?page_id=72\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">INFORMACI\u00d3<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/?page_id=72\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">&lt;<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/nav>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top is-image-fill\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Juan-Negrin-1024x576.jpeg);background-position:50% 50%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Juan-Negrin-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-384 size-full\" srcset=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Juan-Negrin-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Juan-Negrin-300x169.jpeg 300w, http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Juan-Negrin-768x432.jpeg 768w, http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Juan-Negrin.jpeg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>JUAN NEGR\u00cdN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anys abans (1931) havia comen\u00e7at a tot el pa\u00eds un proc\u00e9s \u00abinnovador\u00bb, el gran projecte era el d&#8217;una escola gratu\u00efta que arrib\u00e9s a totes les classes socials i en els documents que guarda la Fundaci\u00f3 Juan Negr\u00edn a Gran Can\u00e0ria es constaten les proves d&#8217;aix\u00f2. En aquest per\u00edode s&#8217;acaba amb la segregaci\u00f3 per sexes a l&#8217;escola i es promou una educaci\u00f3 laica, de manera que la religiositat quedi per a l&#8217;\u00e0mbit privat. Sobre aquesta \u00faltima q\u00fcesti\u00f3, la professora recorda el pes de l&#8217;Esgl\u00e9sia en aquest \u00e0mbit, que explica el que va oc\u00f3rrer durant la dictadura i com va tornar a fer-se amb l&#8217;escola i la persecuci\u00f3 als mestres de la Rep\u00fablica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\" class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/p_22626043_311.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top is-image-fill has-custom-color-6-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>MAR\u00cdA MOLINER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mar\u00eda Moliner (1900-1981) \u00e9s \u00e0mpliament coneguda per ser l&#8217;autora del \u00abDiccionario de uso del espa\u00f1ol\u00bb, una obra ingent i fonamental en la lexicografia espanyola de la segona meitat del segle XX, que va comen\u00e7ar a elaborar complerts els cinquanta. Aqu\u00ed presentarem la Mar\u00eda Moliner anterior, la dels anys 30, la que va tenir un paper molt actiu i fonamental en la difusi\u00f3 de la cultura, la bibliotec\u00e0ria, la que va impulsar un Pla Nacional de Biblioteques durant la Segona Rep\u00fablica, la que va ser delegada del Patronat de Missions Pedag\u00f2giques a Val\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\" class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/p_22626043_311.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Maria-Moliner.jpg);background-position:50% 50%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"575\" height=\"473\" src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Maria-Moliner.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-385 size-full\" srcset=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Maria-Moliner.jpg 575w, http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Maria-Moliner-300x247.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top is-image-fill\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/JOSE-DE-TAPIA-BUJALANCE.jpg);background-position:58% 0%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"176\" height=\"240\" src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/JOSE-DE-TAPIA-BUJALANCE.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-387 size-full\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>JOS\u00c9 DE TAPIA BUJALANCE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Va ser el primer mestre espanyol que va emprar la impremta en el seu treball amb els nens, basant-se en la t\u00e8cnica provada per Freinet.<br>Aquest mestre singular, tal com el caracteritza Fernando Jim\u00e9nez Mier Ter\u00e1n, Professor de la Universitat Nacional Aut\u00f2noma de M\u00e8xic, \u00abJos\u00e9 de Tapia \u00e9s un aut\u00e8ntic obrer de l&#8217;educaci\u00f3, dissenyant projectes i executant-los a peu d&#8217;obra. Durant ni m\u00e9s ni menys que 75 anys de la seva llarga i fruct\u00edfera traject\u00f2ria vital, primer a Espanya i m\u00e9s tard a M\u00e8xic, va mantenir una excitant activitat educativa en escoles prim\u00e0ries, rurals i graduades, p\u00fabliques i privades, en ambients urbans i ind\u00edgenes, formant mestres competents, alfabetitzant, fomentant campanyes culturals, practicant una pedagogia activa i alliberadora, donant als pares s\u00e0vies i copioses orientacions educatives.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\" class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/p_22626043_311.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>RAM\u00d3N COSTA JOU<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2023&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;\u2018AI in Archival Holdings and Digital History\u2019 (poster), (Simon-Martin, Meritxell, Ravent\u00f3s, Pepita (Lleida University Archives), Celio Hern\u00e1ndez (Valencia University), Josep Ballber (Lleida University), and Gloria Jov\u00e9 (Lleida University)), \u201cIntarnational Council on Archives. Enriching Knowledge Socieities\u201d, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\" class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/p_22626043_311.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"201\" src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/RAMON-COSTA-JOU.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-388 size-full\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top is-image-fill\" style=\"grid-template-columns:34% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/HERMINIO-ALMENDROS-IBANEZ.jpg);background-position:62% 2%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"420\" src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/HERMINIO-ALMENDROS-IBANEZ.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-389 size-full\" srcset=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/HERMINIO-ALMENDROS-IBANEZ.jpg 300w, http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/HERMINIO-ALMENDROS-IBANEZ-214x300.jpg 214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>HERMINIO ALMENDROS IB\u00c1\u00d1EZ<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Almendros \u00e9s un dels diversos centenars de mestres qualificats que es formen a l&#8217;Escola d&#8217;Estudis Superiors del Magisteri de Madrid, on va acabar amb el n\u00famero u de la seva promoci\u00f3. Va freq\u00fcentar l&#8217;Ateneu i va assumir els ideals pedag\u00f2gics del Krausisme, plasmats en la Instituci\u00f3 Lliure d&#8217;Ensenyament. El seu primer dest\u00ed com a mestre va ser Villablino (Lle\u00f3), com a director d&#8217;un centre de la Fundaci\u00f3 Sierra Pambley, dependent de la Instituci\u00f3 Lliure d&#8217;Ensenyament; es va casar amb Mar\u00eda Cuy\u00e1s. El 1929 ambd\u00f3s obtenen destins com a inspectors d&#8217;ensenyament primari a Lleida. All\u00e0 va entrar en contacte amb la pedagogia de C\u00e9lestin Freinet i despr\u00e9s d&#8217;un breu pas per Osca van acabar destinats com a inspectors a Barcelona, on va col\u00b7laborar amb la recent creada Secci\u00f3 de Pedagogia de la Universitat de Barcelona i va divulgar la pedagogia Freinet. Publica \u00abLa impremta a l&#8217;escola\u00bb (1932), la primera obra que es va imprimir sobre aquestes t\u00e8cniques en llengua no francesa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Esdev\u00e9 una de les figures m\u00e9s representatives de la defensa de l&#8217;escola popular. Aviat \u00e9s reconegut com un dels escriptors infantils m\u00e9s destacats als anys 30, per\u00f2 sobretot, pedagog conven\u00e7ut de la import\u00e0ncia que a Espanya t\u00e9, en aquelles dates, una escola rural renovada i activa per a enfortir una cultura inserida en les necessitats reals del poble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\" class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/p_22626043_311.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top is-image-fill\" style=\"grid-template-columns:auto 31%\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>DON FELICIANO S\u00c1NCHEZ SAURA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Feliciano S\u00e1nchez Saura (Cartagena, 21 de maig de 1882 &#8211; Madrid, 1 de juliol de 1963) va ser un mestre nacional, regidor de la seva ciutat natal, fundador i col\u00b7laborador del peri\u00f2dic La Voz de la Escuela i fundador i col\u00b7laborador de l&#8217;emissora de r\u00e0dio local. Mestre i pedagog, va destacar en l&#8217;ensenyament sent un avan\u00e7at en la metodologia i els principis pedag\u00f2gics que aplicava a l&#8217;escola. Va ser un revolucionari en quant a entendre l&#8217;escola com una construcci\u00f3 social. Per a aix\u00f2, va generar un proc\u00e9s de canvi al barri de Los Molinos, avui Barri de Peral, que es va recolzar en la creaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;Associaci\u00f3 d&#8217;Amics del Nen (entitat que va unir totes les classes socials). Va crear el peri\u00f2dic La Voz de la Escuela, que va ser el primer peri\u00f2dic escolar editat a Espanya, encara que posteriorment n&#8217;hi hauria m\u00e9s de tres-cents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\" class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/p_22626043_311.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Don-Feliciano-Sanchez-Saura-1.jpg);background-position:50% 21%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"448\" height=\"588\" src=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Don-Feliciano-Sanchez-Saura-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-390 size-full\" srcset=\"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Don-Feliciano-Sanchez-Saura-1.jpg 448w, http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/39\/2024\/06\/Don-Feliciano-Sanchez-Saura-1-229x300.jpg 229w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":126,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-181","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"mb":[],"mfb_rest_fields":["title"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/126"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=181"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":710,"href":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181\/revisions\/710"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/dissenyweb.gddtec.udl.cat\/2024-web7\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}